Free Essays on Qumran, The Essenes And The Dead Sea Scrolls

of Isaiah 40.8 0 This shepherd boy had been clambering around the clefts and gullies of a rock face on Wadi Qumran, north of the Dead Sea hoping to find one of his lost lambs. Thinking that it could have taken refuge in a cave he threw stones at the opening. He heard a jar break, became fearful and ran to fetch his fellow tribesmen. What they discovered were written scrolls of ancient papyrus, stuffed in jars and wrapped in linen. The Bedouins thought that they could make money on the black market in Bethlehem so sold them for a few shekels. A bundle of four of these scrolls was purchased by â€Å"the Orthodox Archbishop of Jerusalem, Yeshue Samuel who then stored them in St. Marks Monastery†. (Albright, 1954, 403) From this point in time interest in the scrolls escalated and in â€Å"1949 the Oriental Institute in Chicago invited Yeshue Samuel to submit the scrolls for examination. The Dead Sea Scrolls were given extensive and exhaustive examinations including carbon testing which indicated that â€Å" because the linen they were wrapped in was made from flax which had been harvested in the time of Christ that the scrolls were seen to have been copied around 100 B.C.† (Albright, 1954, 404). From the time of the initial discovery there was also an upsurge in archeological expeditions to the area. One such expedition was in 1949 when Father Roland de Vaux, Dominican Director of the French Ecole Biblique et Archeologique at Jerusalem and Professor Lankester Harding the British Director of the Department of Antiquities in Amran arrived in Qumran. After the i... Free Essays on Qumran, The Essenes And The Dead Sea Scrolls Free Essays on Qumran, The Essenes And The Dead Sea Scrolls Qumran, The Essenes and the Dead Sea Scrolls Preamble â€Å"The grass withers and the flowers fall but the word of our God stands forever† Isaiah 40.8 â€Å"Mohammed Dib, a Bedouin shepherd of the T’Amireh tribe† (Keller, 1957, 401) could not have known that he would be the person who, in 1947, would bring to bear the words of Isaiah 40.8 0 This shepherd boy had been clambering around the clefts and gullies of a rock face on Wadi Qumran, north of the Dead Sea hoping to find one of his lost lambs. Thinking that it could have taken refuge in a cave he threw stones at the opening. He heard a jar break, became fearful and ran to fetch his fellow tribesmen. What they discovered were written scrolls of ancient papyrus, stuffed in jars and wrapped in linen. The Bedouins thought that they could make money on the black market in Bethlehem so sold them for a few shekels. A bundle of four of these scrolls was purchased by â€Å"the Orthodox Archbishop of Jerusalem, Yeshue Samuel who then stored them in St. Marks Monastery†. (Albright, 1954, 403) From this point in time interest in the scrolls escalated and in â€Å"1949 the Oriental Institute in Chicago invited Yeshue Samuel to submit the scrolls for examination. The Dead Sea Scrolls were given extensive and exhaustive examinations including carbon testing which indicated that â€Å" because the linen they were wrapped in was made from flax which had been harvested in the time of Christ that the scrolls were seen to have been copied around 100 B.C.† (Albright, 1954, 404). From the time of the initial discovery there was also an upsurge in archeological expeditions to the area. One such expedition was in 1949 when Father Roland de Vaux, Dominican Director of the French Ecole Biblique et Archeologique at Jerusalem and Professor Lankester Harding the British Director of the Department of Antiquities in Amran arrived in Qumran. After the i...

Heinrich Schliemann and the Discovery of Troy

Heinrich Schliemann and the Discovery of Troy According to widely published legend, the finder of the true site of Troy was Heinrich Schliemann, adventurer, speaker of 15 languages, world traveler, and gifted amateur archaeologist. In his memoirs and books, Schliemann claimed that when he was eight, his father took him on his knee and told him the story of the Iliad, the forbidden love between Helen, wife of the King of Sparta, and Paris, son of Priam of Troy, and how their elopement resulted in a war that destroyed a Late Bronze Age civilization. Did Heinrich Schliemann Really Find Troy? Schliemann did, in fact, excavate at a site that turned out to be the historic Troy; but he got his information about the site from an expert, Frank Calvert, and failed to credit him.  Schliemanns voluminous notes are full of grandiose lies and manipulations about everything that occurred in his life, in part to make his public think he was a truly remarkable man.  With a keen facility in numerous languages and a wide-ranging memory and hunger and respect for scholarly knowledge, Schliemann, in fact, was a truly remarkable man! But for some reason, he needed to inflate his role and importance in the world.   That story, said Schliemann, awoke in him a hunger to search for the archaeological proof of the existence of Troy and Tiryns and Mycenae. In fact, he was so hungry that he went into business to make his fortune so he could afford the search. And after much consideration and study and investigation, on his own, he found the original site of Troy, at Hisarlik, a tell in Turkey. Romantic Baloney The reality, according to David Traills 1995 biography, Schliemann of Troy: Treasure and Deceit, and bolstered by Susan Heuck Allens 1999 work Finding the Walls of Troy: Frank Calvert and Heinrich Schliemann, is that most of this is romantic baloney, manufactured by Schliemann for the sake of his own image, ego, and public persona.  Ã‚   Schliemann was a brilliant, gregarious, enormously talented, and extremely restless con man, who nevertheless changed the course of archaeology. His focused interest in the sites and events of the Iliad created widespread belief in their physical reality- and in so doing, made many people search for the real pieces of the worlds ancient writings. It could be argued that he was among the earliest and most successful of public archaeologists During Schliemanns peripatetic travels around the world (he visited the Netherlands, Russia, England, France, Mexico, America, Greece, Egypt, Italy, India, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Japan, all before he was 45), he took trips to ancient monuments, stopped at universities to take classes and attend lectures in comparative literature and language, wrote thousands of pages of diaries and travelogues, and made friends and enemies all over the world. How he afforded such traveling may be attributed to either his business acumen or his penchant for fraud; probably a bit of both. Schliemann and Archaeology The fact is, Schliemann did not take up archaeology or serious investigations for Troy until 1868, at the age of 46. There is no doubt that before that Schliemann had been interested in archaeology, particularly the history of the Trojan War, but it had always been subsidiary to his interest in languages and literature. But in June of 1868, Schliemann spent three days at the excavations at Pompeii directed by the archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli. The next month, he visited Mount Aetos, considered then the site of the palace of Odysseus, and there Schliemann dug his first excavation pit. In that pit, or perhaps purchased locally, Schliemann obtained either 5 or 20 small vases containing cremated remains. The fuzziness is a deliberate obfuscation on Schliemanns part, not the first nor the last time that Schliemann would fudge the details in his diaries, or their published form. Three Candidates for Troy At the time that Schliemanns interest was stirred by archaeology and Homer, there were three candidates for the location of Homers Troy. The popular choice of the day was Bunarbashi (also spelled Pinarbasi) and the accompanying acropolis of Balli-Dagh; Hisarlik was favored by the ancient writers and a small minority of scholars; and Alexandria Troas, since determined to be too recent to be Homeric Troy, was a distant third. Schliemann excavated at Bunarbashi during the summer of 1868 and visited other sites in Turkey including Hisarlik, apparently unaware of the standing of Hisarlik until at the end of the summer he dropped in on the archaeologist Frank Calvert. Calvert, a member of the British diplomatic corps in Turkey and part-time archaeologist, was among the decided minority among scholars; he believed that Hisarlik was the site of Homeric Troy, but had had difficulty convincing the British Museum to support his excavations. Calvert and Schliemann In 1865, Calvert had excavated trenches into Hisarlik and found enough evidence to convince himself that he had found the correct site. In August of 1868, Calvert invited Schliemann to dinner and to see his collection, and at that dinner, he recognized that Schliemann had the money and chutzpah to get the additional funding and permits to dig at Hisarlik that Calvert could not. Calvert spilled his guts to Schliemann about what he had found, beginning a partnership he would soon learn to regret. Schliemann returned to Paris in the fall of 1868 and spent six months becoming an expert on Troy and Mycenae, writing a book of his recent travels, and writing numerous letters to Calvert, asking him where he thought the best place to dig might be, and what sort of equipment he might need to excavate at Hisarlik. In 1870 Schliemann began excavations at Hisarlik, under the permit Frank Calvert had obtained for him, and with members of Calverts crew. But never, in any of Schliemanns writings, did he ever admit that Calvert did anything more than agree with Schliemanns theories of the location of Homers Troy, born that day when his father sat him on his knee. Uncovering Schliemann Schliemanns version of events- that he alone had identified Troys locaiton- stood intact for decades after his death in 1890. Ironically, the celebration of Schliemanns 150th birthday in 1972 touched off a critical examination of his life and discoveries. There had been other murmurs of irregularities in his voluminous diaries- novelist Emil Ludwigs meticulously researched Schliemann: The Story of a Gold Seeker in 1948, for example- but they had been scorned by Schliemanns family and the scholarly community. But when at the 1972 meetings American classicist William M. Calder III announced that he had found discrepancies in his autobiography, others began to dig a little deeper. Just how many self-aggrandizing lies and manipulations are in the Schliemann diaries has been the focus of much discussion throughout the turn of the 21st century, between Schliemann detractors and (somewhat grudging) champions. One defender is Stefanie A.H. Kennell, who from 2000–2003 was an archivist fellow for the Schliemann papers at the Gennadius Library of the American School of Classical Studies. Kennell argues that Schliemann was not simply a liar and a con man, but rather an extraordinarily talented yet flawed man. Classicist Donald F. Easton, also a supporter, described his writings as a characteristic blend of one-third dissimulation, one-third arrogant rhetoric, and one-third obsequiousness, and Schliemann as a flawed human being, sometimes confused, sometimes mistaken, dishonest... who, despite his faults... [left] a lasting legacy of information and enthusiasm.   One thing is crystal clear about the debate over Schliemanns qualities: now the efforts and scholarship of Frank Calvert, who did, in fact, know that Hisalik was Troy, who conducted scholarly investigations there five years before Schliemann, and who, perhaps foolishly, turned over his excavations to Schliemann, does today due credit for the first serious discovery of Troy.   Sources Allen, Susan Heuck. Finding the Walls of Troy: Frank Calvert, Excavator. American Journal of Archaeology 99.3 (1995): 379–407. Print.-. Finding the Walls of Troy: Frank Calvert and Heinrich Schliemann at Hisarlik. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999. Print.-. A Personal Sacrifice in the Interest of Science: Calvert, Schliemann, and the Troy Treasures. The Classical World 91.5 (1998): 345–54. Print.Bloedow, Edmund F. Heinrich Schliemann in Italy in 1868: Tourist or Archaeologist? Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica 69.3 (2001): 115–29. Print.Calder III, William M. Heinrich Schliemann: An Unpublished Latin Vita. The Classical World 67.5 (1974): 272–82. Print.Easton, D. F. Heinrich Schliemann: Hero or Fraud? The Classical World 91.5 (1998): 335–43. Print.Kennell, Stefanie A. H. Schliemann and His Papers: A Tale from the Gennadeion Archives.  Hesperia 76.4 (2007): 785–817. Print.Maurer, Kathrin. Archeology as Spectacle: Heinrich Sc hliemanns Media of Excavation. German Studies Review 32.2 (2009): 303–17. Print. Schindler, Wolfgang. An Archaeologist on the Schliemann Controversy. Illinois Classical Studies 17.1 (1992): 135–51. Print.Traill, David A. Schliemann of Troy: Treasure and Deceit. New York: St. Martins Press, 1995. Print.

Quistclose trust and the requirements for its creation Essay

Quistclose trust and the requirements for its creation - Essay Example It is whether his conduct renders him liable for having assisted in a breach of trust.† Lord Millett in Twinsectra Ltd v Yardley and Others [2002] 2 AC 164 at paragraph 52. Definition of a Quistclose trust A Quistclose trust is created when a creditor extends a loan to a debtor with the condition that the money lent should be used for a particular purpose. In commercial parlance, a Quistclose trust is â€Å"a means by which a lender of money can retain a ‘security interest’ in loan moneys only for specified purposes†.1 If the money is used by the borrower for a purpose other than that specified in the loan agreement, a trust is then imposed on the money in favour of the lender. How this works in the lender’s favour is best appreciated at such instance that the borrower is rendered insolvent. During insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings, the insolvent borrower’s estate is distributed according to the procedure specified by law. If a trust were no t created on the loan amount, then the creditor who extends such loan is an unsecured creditor, and his claim on the borrower’s assets will be included and classified among the other claims from other creditors. It shall therefore be settled pursuant to the hierarchy of claims, of which such unsecured loans have a low priority and may remain unsatisfied due to insufficiency of the estate.2 On the other hand, the Quistclose trust creates a security interest on the loan, meaning that such may not be distributed in the insolvency proceedings from the borrower’s remaining estate. Even if the borrower is not rendered insolvent after the loan is contracted, the lender retains the right to recover the loan amount, even to trace the loan money into the hands of third parties to whom it was given in breach of the loan contract.3 First Issue: Nature of the Quistclose trust and the requirements for its creation The Quistclose trust (from the judgement rendered in Barclays Bank Lt d v Quistclose Investments, Ltd. in 1970) gives rise to several legal requisites: (1) It is important to precisely identify the sort of â€Å"security interest† the lender acquires. (2) It is important to know whether the lender â€Å"retains† a right in the original loan moneys throughout the life of the loan contract, or whether the right is created for the first time only at such time the borrower disobeys the terms of the loan contract, or whether the right comes into existence in some other ways. (3) It is important to categorize which kind of trust the Quistclose trust is – whether it is an express trust, resulting trust, constructive trust, or another type of construct. (4) It is important to consider how the precise terms of any loan contract alter the appropriate analysis on the facts of any given case.4 The difficulty with defining Quistclose trusts in terms of the foregoing is that Quistclose trusts are created by operation of law, arising out of any situation involving a loan where the creditor insists that the borrower use the money only for a stated purposes, in a manner which seems to imply that the borrowed sum is not at the borrower’s free disposal. If this were the case, then the determination of the three certainties of express trust (intention, subject matter and objects) which would normally justify a finding that a trust existed, would have to be proved. As it is, in finding that a Quitclose trust existed from the mere intention

The Log Cabin Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Log Cabin Theory - Essay Example The supposed sympathy of General Harrison, and the reputed aversion of Van Buren for the poor man, for the humble citizen, is the true secret of the great and tremendous political revolution of 1840. (Robbins, p. 42) General Harrison, a determined, self-made leader who rose from humble rural beginnings, armed himself through education, hard work or both, with the necessary tools for political leadership. (Chalmers, p. 149) The characteristics above are the types that are perceived to be uniquely suited to the rigours of political life in the United States. Someone who has been through the same struggles as the Whigs president is perceived to have the capacity to battle adversity and overcome obstacles threatening the achievement of their goals. The experiences of politicians with modest beginnings serve as their arms in battling all the challenges of the position in the government he will soon encounter. (Chalmers, p. 149) After 1840, party connections, tactics, and sentiments were widely and openly accepted as grounds of political conduct. It had by then become difficult simply to think of political life and active political leadership, even retrospectively, without reference to the motive of advancing party interests. (Beshady, p. 252) The log cabin campaign had set the trend in the association of politicians with political parties that supports them through the process of election from political rallies and campaigns necessary for the success of the candidate. Consequently, the rise of the "log-cabin" campaign brought a significant trend in the presidential election in the United States through presidential campaigns such that a presidential candidate with not enough campaigns may lost the track. The Log-Cabin History The "year of the great straddle" - this is how one scholar observes the 1840 presidential election. The Whigs, although united against the Jacksonians who were the opposition, found it difficult to set aside its avowed leader Henry Clay. He was too involved with Whig economics therefore he was perceived as a good Presidential candidate. Harry of the West was finally shunted aside through a complicated procedure of nomination and the Harrisburg convention came up with General William Henry Harrison as Presidential candidate. He was the most 'unobjectionable' candidate such that he does not have anything much to be talked about. He was even more unobjectionable due to his candidacy without platform. There were even indications that the Whig candidate does not know as to how the campaign will be conducted. It was only when an unknown newspaperman hired to be the editor of their campaign sheets did the party know their responsibility and their purpose - that is to oust the Democratic Par ty leader Henry Clay from power. (Ward, p. 269) Harrison's chance of not succeeding the presidential candidacy was far too obvious. However, the party did not know what image to portray in their campaign until a commentary has been delivered, for which its origin is unknown until now. "Give him a barrel of hard cider and settle a pension of two thousand a year upon him, and our word for it, he will sit the remainder of his days content in a log cabin." (Ward, 269) Instead of taking the issue in a negative perspective, the party had turned its motif as the central of the campaign. The log cabin, with its suggestion of the limitation, the

Communication Is A Two Way Flow Essay Example for Free

Communication Is A Two Way Flow Essay Communication is a two way flow of conversation where something is achieved e.g information effective communication is important in health and social care because through communication which is listening and talking you can make a better relationship with client. effective communication can make you understand your client emotions and feelings for example if a nurse is having a conversion with a patient and the nurse seem friendly , have positive body languages and interacting well, the patient is likely to open up to the nurse and discuss any worry that he/she is facing, which lead to better relationship. when communicating you need to show that youre interested in what the person is saying, the more you look interested the more the person is going to trust and open up you. In health and social care you communicate with patient, colleague and other professionals for example if you were a doctor and you want to refer a patient to a surgeon, you would have to talk to the surgeon to sort the patient operation. Conjunction with colleague us important because if you have a good relationship colleagues it would make the work a better place and make patients feel comfortable because they can sense if staffs are getting along. There are different types of communication informal and formal. informal: this is used between family and friends. Different social groups use different informal language to communicate so it might be hard for other people to understand. formal: this is used in health and social care for example if you went to a service they would say good morning, how IIvan I help thus us to show that they respect you. multi agency working. Working with other professional for example GP ,hospital service require formal communication. non verbal communication is communicating without speaking, like facial expressions, sign language, gestures, eye contact, posture and tone of voice, this kind of communication can sometimes speak louder than words. Written communication, This is central to the work of any person providing a service in a health and social care environment when keeping records and in writing reports. Different types of communication need different styles of writing but all require literacy skills. A more formal style of writing is needed when recording information about a patient. It would be unacceptable to use text message abbreviations, such as ‘l8er’. Effective communication, including active listening, can be hard work. People  who work in health or social care environments tend to enjoy learning about other people and their lives. Things can go wrong, however, if: †¢ the context is wrong, e.g. the surroundings are unsuitable due to lack of privacy †¢ the service provider and service user are mismatched. Sometimes communication breaks down because of factors such as age, education level, gender and ethnic background †¢ a person withholds information because they fear being judged, for example, they have taken illegal drugs †¢ a person fears that confidentiality will be broken, even though this should never happen, for example, about their sexual orientation †¢ the service user thinks that the advice given is too vague and has not asked for clarification †¢ the subject matter is embarrassing, such as talking about sex or intimate body parts †¢ a person fears they are going to hear bad news so avoids going to a service provider until it is too late to help. If health and social care workers do not develop good communication skills, the effectiveness of their work will be reduced and things can go wrong. This will not help service users to feel good about themselves and can lead to worse consequences. Remember, it is important to overcome problems such as those listed above, communicate effectively, including checking understanding, so that you get the best out of your interactions with colleagues and service users. Formal or Informal Group conversations are more formal, clear and straight forward, eye contact, listening to everyone, pronociation Informal is less formal, don’t have to speak loudly, back and forward talking, more personal Argyles theory of the communication cycle centre’s on six core concepts, or, a cycle. The cycle is as follows: 1. An idea occurs. For example, let us say that our idea is wanting to buy a  car. 2. Message coded. This would be us putting our desire of a car into whatever medium we wish to communicate with. This may be a language, pictures, writing, or any other medium you can think of. 3. Message sent. Here we have communicated our desire for wanting a car. 4. Message received. The person or perhaps target audience we wish to notify of our desire to have a car [perhaps a parental figure] has received our message. 5. Message decoded. They now must take what we have said and attempt to decode it. Now, I want a car is pretty straightforward, but remember, not everyone is as transparent as this, and this is the step where communication breakdown may occur as they may decode our message incorrectly. 6. Message understood. Hopefully the last step was effective and they understand what you were trying to communicate. Now the cycle can begin anew. Burnard and Morrison According to the Philip Burnard and Paul Morrison (1997), A lot of communication in care work involves building a relationship with the service user. This involves giving them emotional support which builds trust. They also argued that communication without caring for the person in some way would not be able to work. Service users that go through emotional issues i.e. A teenager being sexual abused by a youth worker, is often at first a difficult and sensitive issue to talk about has a social worker for example. Any difficult and sensitive issues should focus on the emotional needs of the service user rather than giving out advice and information that is not needed since it is not needed since the service user is already likely to be overwhelmed with grief. In health and social care setting, Professionals should always try be supportive within difficult situations since this will help would towards making effective communication start between the  professional and the service user. Tuckman The environment can affect how well a communication goes, if the environment is a distraction it can cause a conversation to not flow very well, however the environment could help create a cincerarion.

Molecular Aspects of Biofilm Essay -- Aquatic Engineering Systems

Biofilms occur extensively in aquatic engineering systems, where they are implicated mainly in biofouling and corrosion. Biofilm cause nosocomial infections by forming persistent growth in catheters and other body implants and medical devices; they also increase drug resistance and dental caries (Donlan, 2001). On the other hand, biofilm development followed by biofouling in cooling water system causes serious blocking of the coolant pipelines in power plants thereby increased load on pumps, microbial induced corrosion and substantial economic loss (Boffardi, 2005; Flemming, 2002; Oliveira, et al, 1993 and Rao et al. 1993). In waste treatment systems such as trickling filters, wet biofilms are used for catalyzing pollutant transformations (Wyndham, 1995). Microbial world is extremely diverse and so is their life style and adaptation to survive in any environment (Staley et al, 1997). Different bacteria acquire different mechanism to adhere and initiate the biofilm development depending upon their environment. Some bacteria use their pili or flagella to establish primary attachment (Virji et al. 1993). In the present work we investigated the role of a surface protein (Bap) in S. aureus in establishing biofilm on glass surface and the topological changes in response to Ca2+ concentration from 1 mM to 20 mM on the biofilm morphology. Earlier work by Arrizubieta et al. (2004) showed that expression of Bap is not affected in presence of Ca2+. We provide information on changes in surface protein mediated growth in the presence of various concentrations of Ca2+. Calcium is an environmental variable which influence the biofilm formation of certain bacteria (Geesey et al. 2000; Patruchan et al. 2005). In a previous report Arrizu... ...erent environment containing varying calcium concentrations. Conclusions: From the present investigation we established the following salient points; (1) Bap mediated biofilm development in S. aureus V329 is inhibited ï‚ ³ 5 mM Calcium (2) Other bap negative strains of S. aureus, SA7 and SA33 do not show any inhibition due to the presence of calcium even up to 50 mM. (3) Structurally similar BapA harbouring A. baumannii did not show any inhibition in biofilm formation in response to calcium. (4) CSLM study showed that varying Ca2+ concentrations significantly influenced the architecture and topology of the biofilm. CSLM study also shows that chelating of calcium by EDTA can inverse the effect calcium on biofilm development. (5) This study also specifies that the presence EF hand motif in Bap makes V329 strain responsive to Ca2+ presence in the milieu.

Historical Example of Supply and Demand

The Great Depression happened because the stock market in the United States dropped dramatically. A major factor in bringing about the depression was a direct result of supply and demand. Supply and demand rely on each other and should be equal in a stable economy. Too much supply demand drops, demand goes up supply should go up to meet it. There was a large overage of products that the U. S. people could not consume. The overage happened because a technological advance changed how they produced goods. They were able to produce products more efficiently, however they did not increase employees wages. Therefore, people could not afford to buy the amounts of products that were being produced. This was a direct result. There was no equilibrium. When there was an overage of products there were less demands for laborers because they could not even sell the products that they had let alone produce more. The employers could have increased the employees wages to help the situation. This would not have completely fixed the problem. The industries would be forced by the law of supply and demand to drop their level of output to compensate in their loss of overall profit. Now there was less work, overage of products, and a failing economy. The Great Depression came to an end when the U. S. started making war goods for Britain. This created many jobs for U. S. citizens. This allowed people to earn money and begin spending again. President Roosevelt also had an impact on the recovery of the Great Depression. He made new policies, and changed how things in the economy went. He created different agencies to help with the situation. This in turn helped to create more jobs as well. The demand eventually caught up with the supply due to the labor market increase.

The Relationships Between the Father and the Son

The writer used many ways to show the relatioships between charcters in the stories we have studies one of them is Anil. in Anil the writer presents confilct in relationship between the father, Appa, and the son, Anil. Anil is very uncomfortable and scared with his father, we know this because in the story it says † his father was a burly man, a bully to his family† this explains that the relationship between the father and the son is unsual and unsafe. the word â€Å"Bully† is used to show negativity and the harmful relationship between Anil and Father.Through the description the relationship between the characters, presents Anil’s father, Appa, as an abusive bully in his domestic environment, but a coward in the presence of the headman. â€Å"a timid mouse to the headman† – this presents a different relationship in the story where Appa is weaker in front of the head man. but becomes abuser and dangerous man in his family specailly with his wi fe, we know this because in the story it says † Anil saw the bruise on her shoulder, where Appa, returning home drunk last night, had hit her†. his shows the violence relationship between the mother and the father, which totally shows no love and no respect. However, Anil's father shows lot of love and care for Anil at the end of the story, he say â€Å"you will study hard and be an engineer, or a doctor, or a lawyer. make this father proud of you† this shows that his father is very serious about Anil's future. he wants him to be educated and knolodgeable he cares about him. the word † proud† shows the postivity and a feeling of self-respect and personal worth.He want to take pride in his son's success. The writer also used many ways to show the relationships between the characters in the stories we have studied one of them is The Compass and Torch cleverly incorporates many different aspects of family relationships into the story from the very beginni ng. The layout of the first three paragraphs and its content show how much the boy is in awe of the father. The second paragraph consists of four extremely short sentences, each one describing how the boy watches his father. ‘Drinking it in: the essence of Dadness’.This metaphor shows just how much the son idolises and loves his father, implying that he wants to absorb as much as possible of him, perhaps due to lack of contact in previous years. From the phrase; ‘essence of Dadness’, we are presented with a feeling that the boy probably has missed having a fatherly figure next to him, displaying their strange and alien relationship through the story. Further into the story, we realise the importance of the torch for the family, especially the boy, in emitting hope that somehow they might rebuild their broken relationship.The boy treasures the symbolic possession, stating it is for ‘lighting up the expedition of father and son’. This hopeful sen tence evokes sympathy in the reader at how he is desperately trying to convince himself that all is well in their relationship. The sentence could either literally mean that he values the use of a torch, or when looking deeper, we see the boy hopes it might magically rebuild bonds with his father and guide his way. Elizabeth Baines uses character gestures to show the tense relationship felt between the boy’s mother and father.After describing the man’s uselessness in being a good father, we are told the mum has ‘a choke in her voice’ and ‘a kind of snarl’ suggesting his actions have made her emotional with anger and worry. From this description, we get the idea that their relationship did not end on a good note and she is now left to deal with the consequences of constantly worrying about her son’s safety. In addition to this, the word ‘snarl’ suggests it is almost a primal instinct leading her to dislike her sons father, a nd the referring her to an animal shows the raw emotion inside of her.The story uses foreshadowing within the horses on the moor to present how the father and sons relationship is destined to be broken, and is unfixable. The contrasting descriptions of the horse show how the story may turn out badly towards the end. At first, we are told the horse is ‘softly curious’; displaying the innocence of the pairs expedition and intentions. However, we are soon told that the horse ‘looks through dark, deep fringed eyes’, suggesting an almost evil malicious intention despite its innocent appearance at first.This change in character foreshadows the events to come as, despite both father and son wanting the expedition to go well, deep down they both know that their broken relationship is far beyond repair. http://www. northleamingtonschool. warwickshire. sch. uk/attachments/article/138/Miss%20F's%20Compass%20and%20Torch%20guide. pdf themes for Anil: Themes Dreams of th e future Relationships/ Family – the role of each member of the family Culture Childhood Violence Guilt Repression Fear Love Shame Superstitions: Lack of Education? Morality – what is right/wrong Treatment of women Justice themes for compass and torch: Themes:Relationships (between father & son) Growing up/ Childhood Hopes/Dreams Communication themes are very important in the story because Amma, Anil and Appa are very close to each other in the main story part, where the themes begins. the main themes are love, culture, guilt, fear and most important part is justic and shame. some people think that the main part of the story is where the secret of murder coulaps and no one knows about it this shows that there is so much to tell to the reader and the writer compares to village resources i know this because in the story it says: the main highlighted things in the story like . a timid mouse to the headman† and † proud â€Å", because there is some much more i n the story colaptes in the to the characters who deals with nature and sympathy quotes for example,: † burly â€Å", â€Å"bully†, compares to other people no one liked him ( Appa ), because no one could ever imagine how hard is for him to deal with his children to emitt another people to help his son when he was injured and ery fraustrated, because no one did believe him in other socity nationality coraposes, and edmit that there is no one to help around him to keep him healthy and successful, we know this because in the story it says, â€Å"lighting up the expedition of father and son†. this shows that there is no lighten shown up to his father towards an emotive communication deals and suspects, which shows no related emotions and consepts effort that helps him to deal with his son alone and with very corapted situations that he would see him as a â€Å"unfixable† situation.This extremely explains that there is no more evidence than this that can give an example to the audience that he would be in a horrible and motivated situation comparing to his life in hard legall house (where he live). the writer presents so much things to deal with, after the second report of his son's controubution. However, legally no one tried to change the atmosphere so much within the legal documents and false/fake report, because he couldnt show the other documents in the future as if he was the right father to him in many ways like dealing with forgiveness, food, shelter, love, respect, and many other.None of the son's family tried their best in persuasing him to deal with this hard situation and contraboute to other nonesense language that have been used in the text. there is many example for this reason, for example, â€Å"choke†,†snarl†, â€Å"fringed eyes†, and â€Å"bruise†. this shows that the writer used so much negative words with funny language, that the reader could not notice whats going. So the main point is that the writer confuses the reader within the text he wrote, this called â€Å"malicious intention†. he writer is so much clever in so many ways to write so much things it always communicate the themes in the story that deals with the audience cleverlness and emotions. however, no one tried to deal with so many things like love, relationships, trust, loss, emotions, arguments, honesty, sadness, rejections, fear, shame, guilt, feelings, struggles, separations, curious, proud, separations, anger, attachements.

Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essays

Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essays Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essay Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essay The industrial relations study in the UK, has been going through an era of significant reflection and self-analysis from which it appears to be emerging something of an agreement about the essentials for further development. In terms of employment relations, it’s the effort of a company or business to manage the relationships amongst an employer and employees. An employment relation, however, deals with issues relating to the employees and its benefits. The current society of most countries adapts employment relations programs and its policies to prevent the uprising problems at work. In terms of industrial relations, the main actors that play important roles are the employers and management of the organisation, third-party agencies such as state and lastly are employees and their representatives such the trade unions. The following will essay will be elaborating upon the main features of employment and industrial relations in UK and would further elaborate the roles of the th ree main parties. Besides, the essay will highlight selected features of industrial relations applied in Ministry of Labour/ Employment in Fiji. As both countries differ from each other the application of industrial relations in each country may also differ or may be comparable. The origins of industrial relations were traced back from United Kingdom. The process of industrialization first started from UK around the late 18th century (1780’s), hence, UK was the first country to be industrialised [CITATION DrA16 l. 1033 ]. The three parties to ER and IR in UK which are trade unions, employers and the state or government. During the mid of the 19th century around 1850’s Trade Unions were formed in UK, thus the first unions developed were the craft unions.The skilled craftsman’s had to endure a lot to become recognized. They were formed by the workers across a number of industries, as these workers from different industries could be a member of a general u

Can You Earn a Living as an Administrative Freelancer

Can You Earn a Living as an Administrative Freelancer Many people have discovered that working as a freelancer on the Internet or in an office provides more flexibility in employment and allows workers to pick and choose the jobs they want to do. Administrative freelancers find that they can also apply their office skills to earn a living similar to an in-house employee. Since most individuals working as administrators have talents in multiple areas, they can choose whether to concentrate on one area, such as bookkeeping, or work in several different areas.How to Start Out as an Administrative FreelancerYou can find work as an administrative freelancer by using your skills. Think about the skills you possess and make a list. Include what you enjoy doing the most and what you are best at doing. Do you enjoy customer service, support projects related to sales or management, accounting, scheduling or other facets of administrative work? Doing job searches in each area widens your potential work base and gives you the opportunity to pick an d choose the jobs you like the best.Finding WorkThe first thing a freelance worker needs to know is where to find jobs. The Internet offers multiple job sites to search for freelance work, advertised by different companies. There are also sites that offer multiple listings from different companies that you can search. TheJobNetwork searches multiple sites for you and sends you the listings as alerts so you dont have to do the job hunting yourself.Write a New ResumeA freelance administrative assistant can target jobs related to his or her skills and experience. However, the jobs you apply for may want someone capable of doing specific types of administrative work. Using a professional template to write your resume can give you a boost by using different formats, layouts and content to apply for particular types of jobs. For instance, if you are applying for a position as a worker who sets up meetings and keeps the daily office schedule, you can write up a resume geared toward that po sition. A job opening for office accounting work can require a different approach.What Information to Include in Your ResumeThe type of information and style you use in a resume depends on your preference. An individual who has been searching for a job for a period of time or who has employment gaps in the work history may not want to include dates in a resume. In addition, a worker with little experience might prefer to leave the dates of employment off. A functional resume of this type can highlight your skills and experience without exposing gaps in the work history.Making a Living as an Administrative FreelancerWhen deciding to take a job, keep in mind that as a freelancer you will be paying your own self-employment taxes and other expenses that might have been taken care of by your boss in a regular job. One way to decide how much you should charge for your services is to look in your area at the salaries offered for that type of job. Include a profit margin, money to pay taxes and health care and other expenses that you will be paying yourself. However, you need to keep in mind that if you are working from home and can set aside space for an office, you may have tax deductions from your self-employment that will lower your net income.Searching for jobs using TheJobNetwork platform makes it convenient to do. Put in your credentials and the type of job you are looking for and TheJobNetwork does the work. It searches multiple sites using your criteria and emails alerts to let you know a job has been located. TheJobNetwork ranks the job so you can tell how closely it meets your expectation.

Health Care Organization As Metaphor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health Care Organization As Metaphor - Essay Example This metaphor of the organism can be used to understand a lot of different organizations including multinationals such as the Public Health Institute (PHI). Part I: Health Care Organization as Metaphor For the last three years, I have been working as a public health nurse with the Public Health Institute (PHI). The PHI is an internationally recognized public health organization known for its dynamic leadership in helping to improve the health of women, youths and children across the world. The main objective of the organization is to uncover health disparities existing among these identified groups, understand the causes of these disparities, and address each of them using evidence based solutions. The Public health Institute addresses various issues affecting women, children and youths and including asthma, obesity, and sexual and reproductive health on the international scene. In America the organization specifically focuses on nutrition, maternal mortality, depression and breast c ancer among women. The vision of the organization is to raise the social status of young people, girls and women by equipping them with desirable leadership skills and health education. The PHI is internationally funded by a diverse group of individuals and corporate entities to help it advance its course. My role in the organization was to focus on helping women and children under one year of age to overcome their health challenges. This involved working with women to fight breast cancer and depression, and advising them on proper nutrition to prevent them from contracting preventable diseases and helping to reduce the mortality rate. I also engaged with little children less than one year of age to help them fight asthmatic problems and other diseases prevalent among children in this age group. The PHI being an international organization, I had an opportunity to work overseas with different communities advancing the objectives of the organization. In my role as a public health nurs e with the PHI, I have gathered a lot of experience and knowledge in public health. I now understand fully how organizations in the public health sector operate, and I can relate running these organizations to various organizational theories that have been developed over time. Gareth Morgan’s theory of metaphors of organizations, for instance, can be relied upon to understand how the Public Health Institute (PHI) is structured and how it manages its affairs. My knowledge of these metaphors of organizations has greatly impacted my general understanding of public health as a nurse and as an administrator in one of the largest global public health organizations. Gareth Morgan (2006) in Images of an Organization stipulated that an organization can be best understood based on various images or metaphors that relate the organization to its environment and the need to be competitive and run into the foreseeable future. Among the images used by Gareth Morgan are machine, culture, pol itical system, organism, and the brain (Morgan, 2006). The image that can best be relied upon to understand the PHI is that of the organism. The metaphor of the organism considers all organizations to be as living organisms (Jim, 2000). Indeed, there are so many similarities between an organization and a living organism. As an organism, an organization is in a constant state of change and growth. Just as organisms, all organizations have very complex needs to thrive and survive over